do uzupełnienia - 10.06.2011

In this 1956 picture the two spiritual leaders of Tibet, the rival Panchen (2nd-L) and Dalai Lamas (2nd-R), are shown flanked by their Communist "protectors", Mao Zedong (C), Chairman of the People's Republic of China, Chinese Premier Zhu Enlai (L) and Liu Shaoqi (R) in Beijing. Communist China announced 28 March 1959 that it had deposed the Dalai Lama and set up a new government in rebellious Tibet under the Panchen Lama. The late Panchen Lama (1938-89), a spiritual leader and teacher in Tibetan Buddhism (second in importance to the Dalai Lama), was said to be reincarnation of the Buddha Amitabha. He became the ward of the Chinese in his childhood, and some Tibetans disputed his status. Dalai Lama or Tenzin Gyatso, born in 1935, is the traditional religious and temporal head of Tibet's Buddhist clergy . In March 1959, there was an unsuccessful armed uprising by Tibetans against Chinese rule. As a result, the Dalai Lama, fled with some 100,000 supporters to northern India, where a government-in-exile was established. The Chinese ended the the former dominance of the lamas (Buddhist monks) and destroyed many monasteries. Tibet (Xizang), occupied in 1950 by Chinese Communist forces, became an "Autonomous Region" of China in September 1965, but the majority of Tibetans have continued to regard the Dalai Lama as their "god-king" and to resent the Chinese presence, leading to intermittent unrest.