Thomas Perlmann of the Nobel Committtee for Physiology or Medicine 2016 speaks to announce the winner of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Medicine at the Nobel Forum in Stockholm on October 3, 2016. Yoshinori Ohsumi of Japan won the 2016 Nobel Medicine Prize. The 2016 Nobel prize season kicks off with the announcement of the medicine prize by a scandal-tainted jury, to be followed over the next 10 days by the other science awards and those for peace and literature. / AFP PHOTO / JONATHAN NACKSTRAND